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前言

學(xué)了一遍SpringMVC以后,想著做一個總結(jié),復(fù)習(xí)一下。復(fù)習(xí)寫下面的總結(jié)的時候才發(fā)現(xiàn),其實自己學(xué)得并不徹底、牢固、也沒有學(xué)全,視頻跟書本是要結(jié)合起來一起,每一位老師的視頻可能提到的東西都不一致,也導(dǎo)致也不是很全面,書本上會講的筆記系統(tǒng)、全面。同時我自己也是一個初學(xué)者,下面總結(jié)的可能并不完善、正確,希望看到的大神給我指出,在此非常感謝。


目錄

  • SpringMVC流程及源碼分析
  • 一 、Spring核心模塊
    • 1、核心模塊
    • 2、Spring版本命名規(guī)則(補(bǔ)充)
  • 二、SpringMVC流程及原理
    • 1、執(zhí)行流程
      • 1.1、執(zhí)行流程
      • 1.2、執(zhí)行流程說明:
        • 1.2.1、第02、03說明
        • 1.2.2、第04說明
        • 1.2.2、SpringMVC組件說明
        • 1.2.3、SpringMVC詳細(xì)流程圖
  • 二、源碼分析
    • 1、初始化
      • 1.1、ApplicationContext
    • 2、前端控制器(中央處理器)DistepcherServlet
      • 2.1、查找處理器映射器HandlerMapping
      • 2.2、根據(jù)處理器映射器HandlerMapping返回結(jié)果調(diào)用處理器適配器HandlerAdapter
      • 2.3、檢查攔截器Interceptor
      • 2.3、處理器適配器HandlerAdapter執(zhí)行Handler(Controller)返回ModelAndView
      • 2.4、視圖解析器ViewResolver
      • 2.5、視圖View
        • 2.5.1、視圖對象的作用
        • 2.5.2、View接口圖
        • 2.5.3、View的實現(xiàn)類圖
        • 2.5.4、View的UML圖
        • 2.5.5、常用的View視圖類
      • 2.6、其他重要的點(diǎn)
        • 2.6.1、DispatcherServlet.properties
  • 三、引用參考資料
    • 1、引用資料
    • 2、參考資料

一 、Spring核心模塊

1、核心模塊

Spring Web MVC (下文簡稱為 SpringMVC )是 Spring 提供 Web 應(yīng)用的框架設(shè)計,屬于表現(xiàn)層的框架。SpringMVC是Spring框架的一部分。
Spring框架包括大致六大模塊,核心容器(Core Container)、AOP和設(shè)備支持、數(shù)據(jù)訪問及集成、Web、報文發(fā)送、Test

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

圖片來源于Spring官網(wǎng)5.0.0.M5:

? https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.0.0.M5/spring-framework-reference/html/overview.html#overview-modules

對于Spring5模塊圖,有2點(diǎn)疑問:
1、不清楚為什么在Spring官網(wǎng)上5.0版本以后,Release版(穩(wěn)定版)的都未找到模塊圖,但是在M(里程碑版)版找到 了,如果有人在5.0以后的Release版(穩(wěn)定版)找到,麻煩給我留個言,謝謝。
2、在其他博文中看到Spring5模塊結(jié)構(gòu)圖是這樣的:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

挺奇怪這個圖是哪里來的?(路過的大神請指點(diǎn))

對于問題2,我在Spring5.2.13.RELEASE GA中,找到了如下所示信息:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

拷貝以上信息:

Spring Framework Documentation

Version 5.2.13.RELEASE

What’s NewUpgrade NotesSupported Versions, and other topics, independent of release cadence, are maintained externally on the project’s Github Wiki.

Overview

history, design philosophy, feedback, getting started.

Core

IoC Container, Events, Resources, i18n, Validation, Data Binding, Type Conversion, SpEL, AOP.

Testing

Mock Objects, TestContext Framework, Spring MVC Test, WebTestClient.

Data Access

Transactions, DAO Support, JDBC, O/R Mapping, XML Marshalling.

Web Servlet

Spring MVC, WebSocket, SockJS, STOMP Messaging.

Web Reactive

Spring WebFlux, WebClient, WebSocket.

Integration

Remoting, JMS, JCA, JMX, Email, Tasks, Scheduling, Caching.

Languages

Kotlin, Groovy, Dynamic Languages.

按照以上信息的Web Servlet、Web Reactive已經(jīng)是分屬于不同的模塊了。

  • Web Servlet:Spring MVC, WebSocket, SockJS, STOMP Messaging.
  • Web Reactive:Spring WebFlux, WebClient, WebSocket.

Spring官方文檔:
https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework#learn/

2、Spring版本命名規(guī)則(補(bǔ)充)

上面提到了Spring有不同的版本,在此記錄一下各個版本的意義。

描述方式

說明

含義

Snapshot

快照版

尚不穩(wěn)定,仍處于開發(fā)中的版本

Release

穩(wěn)定版

功能相對穩(wěn)定,可以對外發(fā)行,但有時間限制

GA

正式版

代表廣泛可用的穩(wěn)定版(General Availability)

M

里程碑版

(M是Milestone的意思)具有一些全新的功能或是有意義的版本

RC

終測版

Release Candidate(最終測試),即將作為正式版發(fā)布

二、SpringMVC流程及原理

1、執(zhí)行流程

SpringMVC執(zhí)行流程圖

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

圖片來源:三、引用參考資料

1.1、執(zhí)行流程

  • 01、用戶發(fā)送出請求到前端控制器(中央處理器)DispatcherServlet進(jìn)行處理。
  • 02、前端控制器DispatcherServlet收到請求后,調(diào)用處理器映射器HandlerMapping。
  • 03、處理器映射器HandlerMapping(處理器映射器)根據(jù)request請求的URL等信息查找能夠進(jìn)行處理的Handler,以及相關(guān)攔截器interceptor,并構(gòu)造HandlerExecutionChain執(zhí)行鏈,然后將構(gòu)造好的HandlerExecutionChain執(zhí)行鏈對象返回給前端控制器DispatcherServlet。
  • 04、前端控制器DispatcherServlet根據(jù)處理器映射器HandlerMapping的
  • 05、處理器適配器HandlerAdapter經(jīng)過適配調(diào)用具體的處理器(Handler/Controller),即業(yè)務(wù)中自己寫的Controller。
  • 06、Controller處理完后返回ModelAndView(springmvc的封裝對象,將model和view封裝在一起)給處理器適配器HandlerAdapter;
  • 07、處理器適配器HandlerAdapter將Controller執(zhí)行結(jié)果ModelAndView返回給前端控制器DispatcherServlet。
  • 08、前端控制器DispatcherServlet調(diào)用視圖解析器ViewReslover處理ModelAndView。
  • 09、視圖解析器ViewReslover解析后根據(jù)邏輯視圖名解析成物理視圖名即具體的頁面地址,生成并返回具體對象View(springmvc封裝對象,是一個接口)。
  • 10、前端控制器DispatcherServlet根據(jù)對象View進(jìn)行視圖渲染,填充Model。
  • 11、前端控制器DispatcherServlet向用戶返回響應(yīng)

1.2、執(zhí)行流程說明:

1.2.1、第02、03說明

(1) 處理器映射器:springmvc框架中的一種對象,框架把實現(xiàn)了HandlerMapping接口的類都叫做映射器(多個);

(2) 處理器映射器作用:根據(jù)請求,從springmvc容器對象中獲取處理器對象(MyController controller = ctx.getBean("some")

(3) 框架把找到的處理器對象放到一個叫做處理器執(zhí)行鏈(HandlerExecutionChain)的類保存

(4) HandlerExecutionchain:類中保存著
 a:處理器對象(MyController);
 b:項目中的所有的攔截器List

(5) 方法調(diào)用:HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler - getHandler (processedRequest);

1.2.2、第04說明

(1) HandlerExecutionChain執(zhí)行鏈找到對應(yīng)的處理器映射器HandlerAdapter。
(2) 處理器適配器:springmvc框架中的對象,需要實現(xiàn)HandlerAdapter接口,
(3) 處理器適配器作用:執(zhí)行處理器方法(調(diào)用MyController.doSome()得到返回值ModelAndView )
(4) 前端控制器中調(diào)用適配器:HandlerAdapter ha =getHandlerAdapter (mappedHandler.getHandler());
(5) 執(zhí)行處理器方法:mv= ha.handle (processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

第08說明:
(1) 視圖解析器:springmvc中的對象,需要實現(xiàn)ViewResoler接口(可以有多個)
(2) 視圖解析器作用:組成視圖完整路徑,使用前綴,后綴。并創(chuàng)建View對象。
(3) view是一個接口,表示視圖的,在框架中jsp,htm1不是string表示,而是使用view和他的實現(xiàn)類表示視圖。

InternalResourceview:視圖類,表示jsp文件,視圖解析器會創(chuàng)建InternalResourceView類對象。 這個對象的里面,有一個屬性
url-/WEB-INF/view/show.jsp

1.2.2、SpringMVC組件說明

  • (1). 前端控制器(DispatcherServlet):接收請求,響應(yīng)結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于電腦的CPU。
  • (2). 處理器映射器(HandlerMapping):根據(jù)URL去查找處理器.
  • (3). 處理器(Handler):(需要程序員去寫代碼處理邏輯的).
  • (4). 處理器適配器(HandlerAdapter):會把處理器包裝成適配器,這樣就可以支持多種類型的處理器,類比筆記本的適配器(適配器模式的應(yīng)用).
  • (5). 視圖解析器(ViewResovler):進(jìn)行視圖解析,多返回的字符串,進(jìn)行處理,可以解析成對應(yīng)的頁面.

1.2.3、SpringMVC詳細(xì)流程圖

綜上所述,總結(jié)下SpringMVC的詳細(xì)流程圖:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


圖片來源:三、引用參考資料

二、源碼分析

以下源碼來源jar包:
spring-webmvc-5.25.RELEASE.jar

1、初始化

1.1、ApplicationContext

? ApplicationContext初始化入口類:ApplicationObjectSupport的setApplicationContext方法,setApplicationContext方法中核心部分就是初始化容器initApplicationContext(context),子類
AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping實現(xiàn)了該方法。
類圖:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


UML圖:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


?
RequestMappingHandlerMapping ,用于注解@Controller,@RequestMapping來定義controller.
初始化時,3個類的大致分工如下:

  • AbstractHandlerMethodMapping定義整個算法流程;
  • RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping提供匹配條件RequestMappingInfo的解析處理;
  • RequestMappingHandlerMapping根據(jù)@RequestMapping注解生成 RequestMappingInfo,同時提供isHandler實現(xiàn)

2、前端控制器(中央處理器)DistepcherServlet

? 從上面的流程圖可以看到前端控制器(中央處理器)DistepcherServlet是SpringMVC核心,查看DistepcherServlet類的繼承情況。
UML圖:
![
2021022601-08-DispatcherServlet UML圖](
https://gitee.com/chuchq/blogs-gallery/raw/master/images /
2021/2021022601-08-DispatcherServlet UML圖.png)
從繼承關(guān)系看出:
? DistepcherServlet ---> FrameworkServlet ---> HttpServletBean---> HttpServlet
? 那就說明DistepcherServlet 類也是一個Servlet類,那最終核心的方法就是service()方法,即Servlet的核心方法。
? 那就找service()方法,在DistepcherServlet中沒有servic()方法,在父類FrameworkServlet有service()方法,源碼如下:
來源:

org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

/**
	 * Override the parent class implementation in order to intercept PATCH requests.
	 */
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		HttpMethod httpMethod = HttpMethod.resolve(request.getMethod());
		if (httpMethod == HttpMethod.PATCH || httpMethod == null) {
			processRequest(request, response);
		}
		else {
			super.service(request, response);
		}
	}

可以看到:
FrameworkServlet.service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)拿到request請求,判斷當(dāng)前請求是否是PATCH請求,不是的就調(diào)用父類的servic()方法,調(diào)用父類中的service方法就是去調(diào)用該類中doPost(),doGet()方法,根據(jù)不同的請求方式然后走doPost()或者doGet(),調(diào)用中以doGet()為例,
FrameworkServlet類的doGet()源碼:

/**
	 * Delegate GET requests to processRequest/doService.
	 * <p>Will also be invoked by HttpServlet's default implementation of {@code doHead},
	 * with a {@code NoBodyResponse} that just captures the content length.
	 * @see #doService
	 * @see #doHead
	 */
	@Override
	protected final void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		processRequest(request, response);
	}

? doGet()又調(diào)用FrameworkServlet類中的processRequest(request, response);

/**
	 * Process this request, publishing an event regardless of the outcome.
	 * <p>The actual event handling is performed by the abstract
	 * {@link #doService} template method.
	 */
	protected final void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		Throwable failureCause = null;

		LocaleContext previousLocaleContext = LocaleContextHolder.getLocaleContext();
		LocaleContext localeContext = buildLocaleContext(request);

		RequestAttributes previousAttributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
		ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = buildRequestAttributes(request, response, previousAttributes);

		WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
		asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptor(FrameworkServlet.class.getName(), new RequestBindingInterceptor());

		initContextHolders(request, localeContext, requestAttributes);

		try {
			doService(request, response);
		}
		catch (ServletException | IOException ex) {
			failureCause = ex;
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			failureCause = ex;
			throw new NestedServletException("Request processing failed", ex);
		}

		finally {
			resetContextHolders(request, previousLocaleContext, previousAttributes);
			if (requestAttributes != null) {
				requestAttributes.requestCompleted();
			}
			logResult(request, response, failureCause, asyncManager);
			publishRequestHandledEvent(request, response, startTime, failureCause);
		}
	}

? processRequest(request, response)方法中最關(guān)鍵的又調(diào)用了doService(request, response);查看FrameworkServlet類中的doService(request, response),或者是調(diào)試跟蹤可知,doService(request, response)由子類DispatcherServlet實現(xiàn)。

源碼來源:

org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

/**
	 * Subclasses must implement this method to do the work of request handling,
	 * receiving a centralized callback for GET, POST, PUT and DELETE.
	 * <p>The contract is essentially the same as that for the commonly overridden
	 * {@code doGet} or {@code doPost} methods of HttpServlet.
	 * <p>This class intercepts calls to ensure that exception handling and
	 * event publication takes place.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @throws Exception in case of any kind of processing failure
	 * @see JAVAx.servlet.http.HttpServlet#doGet
	 * @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet#doPost
	 */
	protected abstract void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception;

? 查看DispatcherServlet中的doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)方法

/**
	 * Exposes the DispatcherServlet-specific request attributes and delegates to {@link #doDispatch}
	 * for the actual dispatching.
	 */
	@Override
	protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		logRequest(request);

		// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
		// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
		Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null;
		if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
			attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<>();
			Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
			while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
				String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
				if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PREFIX)) {
					attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
				}
			}
		}

		// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
		request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
		request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
		request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());

		if (this.flashMapManager != null) {
			FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
			if (inputFlashMap != null) {
				request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
			}
			request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
			request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
		}

		try {
			doDispatch(request, response);
		}
		finally {
			if (!WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include.
				if (attributesSnapshot != null) {
					restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot);
				}
			}
		}
	}

? DispatcherServlet的doService()方法中最終調(diào)用doDispatch(request, response),查看源碼如下:

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch()

/**
	 * Process the actual dispatching to the handler.
	 * <p>The handler will be obtained by applying the servlet's HandlerMappings in order.
	 * The HandlerAdapter will be obtained by querying the servlet's installed HandlerAdapters
	 * to find the first that supports the handler class.
	 * <p>All HTTP methods are handled by this method. It's up to HandlerAdapters or handlers
	 * themselves to decide which methods are acceptable.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @throws Exception in case of any kind of processing failure
	 */
	protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
		HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
		boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;

		WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);

		try {
			ModelAndView mv = null;
			Exception dispatchException = null;

			try {
				// 文件上傳相關(guān),判斷是不是二進(jìn)制請求
				processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
				multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
				// 取得處理當(dāng)前請求的controller,這里也稱為hanlder處理器,第一個步驟的意義就在這里體現(xiàn)了.這里并不是直接返回controller,而是返回的HandlerExecutionChain請求處理器鏈對象,該對象封裝了handler和攔截器interceptors.
				// Determine handler for the current request.
				mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
				// 如果handler為空,則返回404
				if (mappedHandler == null) {
					noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
					return;
				}
				//3. 獲取處理request的處理器適配器HandlerAdapter
				// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
				HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

				// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
				String method = request.getMethod();
				boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
				if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
					long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
					if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
						return;
					}
				}
				//處理器適配器執(zhí)行之前,檢查攔截器的方法
				if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
					return;
				}
				//處理器適配器根據(jù)找到,執(zhí)行handler,返回ModelAndView
				// Actually invoke the handler.
				mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

				if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
					return;
				}

				applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
				mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				dispatchException = ex;
			}
			catch (Throwable err) {
				// As of 4.3, we're processing Errors thrown from handler methods as well,
				// making them available for @ExceptionHandler methods and other scenarIOS.
				dispatchException = new NestedServletException("Handler dispatch failed", err);
			}
			processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
		}
		catch (Throwable err) {
			triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler,
					new NestedServletException("Handler processing failed", err));
		}
		finally {
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
				if (mappedHandler != null) {
					mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
				}
			}
			else {
				// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
				if (multipartRequestParsed) {
					cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
				}
			}
		}
	}

? 可以看出doDispatch()就是SpringMVC的核心代碼了,分析doDispatch():

2.1、查找處理器映射器HandlerMapping

? 首先看下處理器映射器HandlerMapping類圖:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

doDispatch()關(guān)鍵代碼:

HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;

mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);

? mappedHandler是一個執(zhí)行鏈HandlerExecutionChain 對象,這里封裝了handler和攔截器interceptors,getHandler(processedRequest)方法就是從處理器映射器HandlerMapping中找到url和controller的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,并返回給前端控制器DispatchServlet。
查看getHandler(processedRequest);源碼:

/**
	 * Return the HandlerExecutionChain for this request.
	 * <p>Tries all handler mappings in order.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @return the HandlerExecutionChain, or {@code null} if no handler could be found
	 */
	@Nullable
	protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		if (this.handlerMappings != null) {
			for (HandlerMapping mapping : this.handlerMappings) {
				HandlerExecutionChain handler = mapping.getHandler(request);
				if (handler != null) {
					return handler;
				}
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

調(diào)試代碼如下:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


從代碼調(diào)試中可以看到handlerMapping中有三個對象:

this.handlerMappings = {ArrayList@4662}  size = 3
 0 = {BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping@4791} 
 1 = {RequestMappingHandlerMapping@4792} 
 2 = {RouterFunctionMapping@4793} 
  • BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping:初始化時會將urlpath做映射存儲(xml);
  • RequestMappingHandlerMapping:初始化時會將Controller中配置@RequestMapping注解的方法做映射存儲(注解);
  • RouterFunctionMapping:
    (這個對象不是太理解)這也就是為什么要去HandlerMapping找一個Handler了,因為處理器映射器HandlerMapping有不同的實現(xiàn):
  • 1、xml方式
  • 2、注解方式

接著看getHandler(HttpServletRequest request)方法,先遍歷HandlerMappers,查找控制器找到之后就返回執(zhí)行鏈HandlerExecutionChain類型的Handler。

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

可以看到返回的Handler中,拿到的就是我們自己編碼的Controller類,以及攔截器(演示項目中未編寫,所以調(diào)試匯總返回的Handler最后是0 interceptors)
HandlerExecutionChain with [
com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController#doSome()] and 0 interceptors

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


將正在調(diào)試的idea打開自己編寫的Controller來對照,發(fā)現(xiàn)一致:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

2.2、根據(jù)處理器映射器HandlerMapping返回結(jié)果調(diào)用處理器適配器HandlerAdapter

doDispatch()里面的關(guān)鍵代碼:

HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

源碼如下:

/**
	 * Return the HandlerAdapter for this handler object.
	 * @param handler the handler object to find an adapter for
	 * @throws ServletException if no HandlerAdapter can be found for the handler. This is a fatal error.
	 */
	protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
		if (this.handlerAdapters != null) {
			for (HandlerAdapter adapter : this.handlerAdapters) {
				if (adapter.supports(handler)) {
					return adapter;
				}
			}
		}
		throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
				"]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
	}

為什么還要獲取處理器適配器HandlerAdapter:與獲取處理器映射器HandlerMapping一樣,Spring提供了不通的處理器適配器。
調(diào)試如下:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


查看DEBUG調(diào)試模式中g(shù)etHandlerAdapter()方法在中的:
handler、adapter、this.handlerAdapters

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


以下是拷貝的結(jié)果:
handler

handler = {HandlerMethod@4792} "com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController#doSome()"
 logger = {LogAdapter$JavaUtilLog@4858} 
 bean = {MyController@4859} 
 beanFactory = {DefaultListableBeanFactory@4847} "org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@56b5a4c3: defining beans [myController,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver#0]; root of factory hierarchy"
 beanType = {Class@3782} "class com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController"
 method = {Method@4860} "public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController.doSome()"
 bridgedMethod = {Method@4860} "public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController.doSome()"
 parameters = {MethodParameter[0]@4861} 
 responseStatus = null
 responseStatusReason = null
 resolvedFromHandlerMethod = {HandlerMethod@4863} "com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController#doSome()"
 interfaceParameterAnnotations = null
 description = "com.bjpowernode.controller.MyController#doSome()"

adapter

adapter = {RequestMappingHandlerAdapter@4827} 
 customArgumentResolvers = null
 argumentResolvers = {HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite@4833} 
 initBinderArgumentResolvers = {HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite@4834} 
 customReturnValueHandlers = null
 returnValueHandlers = {HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite@4835} 
 modelAndViewResolvers = null
 contentNegotiationManager = {ContentNegotiationManager@4836} 
 messageConverters = {ArrayList@4837}  size = 4
 requestResponseBodyAdvice = {ArrayList@4838}  size = 0
 webBindingInitializer = null
 taskExecutor = {SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor@4839} 
 asyncRequestTimeout = null
 callableInterceptors = {CallableProcessingInterceptor[0]@4840} 
 deferredResultInterceptors = {DeferredResultProcessingInterceptor[0]@4842} 
 reactiveAdapterRegistry = {ReactiveAdapterRegistry@4844} 
 ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect = false
 cacheSecondsForSessionAttributeHandlers = 0
 synchronizeOnSession = false
 sessionAttributeStore = {DefaultSessionAttributeStore@4845} 
 parameterNameDiscoverer = {DefaultParameterNameDiscoverer@4846} 
 beanFactory = {DefaultListableBeanFactory@4847} "org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@56b5a4c3: defining beans [myController,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver#0]; root of factory hierarchy"
 sessionAttributesHandlerCache = {ConcurrentHashMap@4848}  size = 0
 initBinderCache = {ConcurrentHashMap@4849}  size = 0
 initBinderAdviceCache = {LinkedHashMap@4850}  size = 0
 modelAttributeCache = {ConcurrentHashMap@4851}  size = 0
 modelAttributeAdviceCache = {LinkedHashMap@4852}  size = 0
 order = 2147483647
 supportedMethods = null
 allowHeader = "GET,HEAD,POST,PUT,PATCH,DELETE,OPTIONS"
 requireSession = false
 cacheControl = null
 cacheSeconds = -1
 varyByRequestHeaders = null
 useExpiresHeader = false
 useCacheControlHeader = true
 useCacheControlNoStore = true
 alwaysMustRevalidate = false
 servletContext = {ApplicationContextFacade@4754} 
 logger = {LogAdapter$JavaUtilLog@4854} 
 applicationContext = {XmlWebApplicationContext@4665} "WebApplicationContext for namespace 'myweb-servlet', started on Tue Mar 02 23:25:35 CST 2021"
 messageSourceAccessor = {MessageSourceAccessor@4855} 

this.handlerAdapters

this.handlerAdapters = {ArrayList@4658}  size = 4
 0 = {HttpRequestHandlerAdapter@4810} 
 1 = {SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter@4820} //XML方式
 2 = {RequestMappingHandlerAdapter@4827} //注解方式
 3 = {HandlerFunctionAdapter@4832} 

可以看到找到4個處理器適配器。通過DEBUG模式可以看到,此次取到的處理器適配器HandlerAdapter是:
RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

ha = {RequestMappingHandlerAdapter@4827} 

2.3、檢查攔截器Interceptor

doDispatch()中的關(guān)鍵代碼:

if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
					return;
				}
org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExecutionChain#applyPreHandle

applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)源碼:

/**
	 * Apply preHandle methods of registered interceptors.
	 * @return {@code true} if the execution chain should proceed with the
	 * next interceptor or the handler itself. Else, DispatcherServlet assumes
	 * that this interceptor has already dealt with the response itself.
	 */
	boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
		if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
			for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
				HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
				if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
					triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
					return false;
				}
				this.interceptorIndex = i;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

2.3、處理器適配器HandlerAdapter執(zhí)行Handler(Controller)返回ModelAndView

doDispatch()中的關(guān)鍵代碼:

mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

DEBUG模式調(diào)試,是調(diào)到了:

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter#handle
源碼如下:

/**
	 * This implementation expects the handler to be an {@link HandlerMethod}.
	 */
	@Override
	@Nullable
	public final ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
			throws Exception {

		return handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler);
	}

再往下看handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler)方法,

org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter#handleInternal

@Override
	protected ModelAndView handleInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

		ModelAndView mav;
		checkRequest(request);

		// Execute invokeHandlerMethod in synchronized block if required.
		if (this.synchronizeOnSession) {
			HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
			if (session != null) {
				Object mutex = WebUtils.getSessionMutex(session);
				synchronized (mutex) {
					mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
				}
			}
			else {
				// No HttpSession available -> no mutex necessary
				mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
			}
		}
		else {
			// No synchronization on session demanded at all...
			mav = invokeHandlerMethod(request, response, handlerMethod);
		}

		if (!response.containsHeader(HEADER_CACHE_CONTROL)) {
			if (getSessionAttributesHandler(handlerMethod).hasSessionAttributes()) {
				applyCacheSeconds(response, this.cacheSecondsForSessionAttributeHandlers);
			}
			else {
				prepareResponse(response);
			}
		}

		return mav;
	}

注意,handleInternal(request, response, (HandlerMethod) handler)方法的返回值是ModelAndView ,這里就完成了處理器適配器HandlerAdapter執(zhí)行Handler(Controller)并將結(jié)果ModelAndView返回給前端控制器DistepchServlet

2.4、視圖解析器ViewResolver

  接上2.3:前端控制器DistepchServlet接收到處理器適配器HandlerAdapter返回的ModelAndView以后,這里分2種情況:

  • (1)、如果ModelAndView里面是邏輯視圖
    前端控制器DistepchServlet調(diào)用視圖解析器ViewResolver通過邏輯視圖查找真正的視圖對象View,并返回給前端控制器DistepchServlet。
  • (2)、如果ModelAndView里面是非邏輯視圖:
    如:MappingJackson2JsonView(把當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)為為JSON數(shù)據(jù),并不需要對視圖邏輯名稱進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換)

總結(jié)一下:
視圖解析器ViewResolver接口主要作用是解析前端控制器DispatcherServlet傳遞的邏輯視圖名,并將解析結(jié)果的真正的視圖對象View傳回給前端控制器DispatcherServlet

ViewResolverd的實現(xiàn)類:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 


ViewResolver的UML:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

2.5、視圖View

2.5.1、視圖對象的作用

  • (1)、將控制器返回的數(shù)據(jù)處理渲染,最終返回客戶端展示給用戶,主要就是完成轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)或者是重定向的操作.。
  • (2)、為了實現(xiàn)視圖模型和具體實現(xiàn)技術(shù)的解耦(指的是Spring在org.springframework.web.servlet包中定義的抽象View接口),詳見2.5.2View接口圖。
  • (3)、視圖對象View由視圖解析器負(fù)責(zé)實例化。由于視圖是無狀態(tài)(每一次請求都會創(chuàng)建一個新的view對象)的,所以不會有線程安全的問題.

2.5.2、View接口圖

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

2.5.3、View的實現(xiàn)類圖

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 

2.5.4、View的UML圖

![2021022601-20-01-View-uml(hierarchic group layout)](https://gitee.com/chuchq/blogs-gallery/raw/master/images / 2021/2021022601-20-01-View-uml(hierarchic group layout).png)

2.5.5、常用的View視圖類

視圖類型

簡介

URL視圖資源圖

InternalResourceView

將JSP或其他資源封裝成一個視圖。被視圖解析器
InternalResourceViewResolver默認(rèn)使用。

JstlView

InternalResourceView的子類。如果JSP中使用了JSTL的國際化標(biāo)簽,就需要使用該視圖類。

文檔視圖

AbstractExcelView

Excel文檔視圖的抽象類。

AbstractPdfView

PDF文檔視圖的抽象類

報表視圖

ConfigurableJasperReportsView

常用的JasperReports報表視圖

JasperReportsHtmlView

JasperReportsPdfView

JasperReportsXlsView

JSON視圖

MappingJackson2JsonView

將數(shù)據(jù)通過Jackson框架的ObjectMapper對象,以JSON方式輸出

2.6、其他重要的點(diǎn)

2.6.1、DispatcherServlet.properties


DispatcherServlet.properties文件是在SpringMVC架包中:

SpringMVC流程及源碼分析

 



DispatcherServlet.properties內(nèi)容:

# Default implementation classes for DispatcherServlet's strategy interfaces.
# Used as fallback when no matching beans are found in the DispatcherServlet context.
# Not meant to be customized by application developers.

org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.ThemeResolver=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.FixedThemeResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.function.support.RouterFunctionMapping

org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.function.support.HandlerFunctionAdapter


org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.ResponseStatusExceptionResolver,
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.RequestToViewNameTranslator=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.DefaultRequestToViewNameTranslator

org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMapManager=
	org.springframework.web.servlet.support.SessionFlashMapManager

SpringMVC為什么能加載不同處理器映射器HandlerMapping、處理器適配器handlerAdapter,就是因為框架配置了這個
DispatcherServlet.properties文件。

轉(zhuǎn)載于:
https://www.cnblogs.com/chuchq/p/14489716.html

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標(biāo)簽:SpringMVC
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