一、鏡像制作的方法
1.本地導入導出鏡像
請參考：Docker 架構原理及簡單使用
導出：docker save Nginx >/tmp/nginx.tar.gz 導入：docker load </tmp/nginx.tar.gz
2.docker commit 命令創建鏡像副本
請參考：Docker docker commit方法鏡像制作
3.docker file
前面兩種方法已經介紹過了，這里介紹docker file，生成環境推薦使用這種方法
二、docker file方法制作鏡像
1.什么是docker file
用來全自動構建鏡像文件，命名為Dockerfile
2.Dockerfile 文件編寫指令及語法
1）指令
FROM MAINTAINER RUN CMD EXPOSE ENV ADD COPY ENTRYPOINT VOLUME USER WORKDIR ONBUILD
2）語法
引用了docker中文文檔：http://www.docker.org.cn/dockerppt/114.html
1.FROM <image> 例子：FROM centos FROM指定構建鏡像的基礎源鏡像，如果本地沒有指定的鏡像，則會自動從Docker的公共庫pull鏡像下來。 FROM必須是Dockerfile中非注釋行的第一個指令，即一個Dockerfile從FROM語句開始 FROM可以在一個DOCKERfile中出現多次，如果有需求在一個Dockerfile中創建多個鏡像 2.MAINTAINER <name> 例子：MAINTAINER zxg zhutoyearn@163.com 指定創建鏡像的用戶 3.RUN <"executable","parm1","param2"> 兩種使用方式： RUN RUN "executable", "param1", "param2" 例子：RUN yum install wget -y 每條RUN指令將在當前鏡像基礎上執行指定命令，并提交為新的鏡像，后續的RUN都在之前RUN提交后的鏡像為基礎，鏡像是分層的，可以通過一個鏡像的任何一個歷史提交點來創建，類似源碼的 版本控制 。 exec 方式會被解析為一個 JSON 數組，所以必須使用雙引號而不是單引號。exec 方式不會調用一個命令 shell，所以也就不會繼承相應的變量，如： RUN [ "echo", "$HOME" ] #錯誤，這個個方法不會輸出HOME變量，下面為正確方式 RUN [ "sh", "-c", "echo", "$HOME" ] RUN 產生的緩存在下一次構建的適合是不會失效的，會被重用，可以使用--no-cache選擇，即docker build-no-cache,如此便不會緩存 4.CMD <"executable",> 三種使用方式： CMD "executable","param1","param2" CMD "param1","param2" CMD command param1 param2 (shell form) 例子：CMD["nginx"] CMD指定在 Dockerfile 中只能使用一次，如果有多個，則只有最后一個會生效。 CMD的目的是為了在啟動容器時提供一個默認的命令執行選項。如果用戶啟動容器時指定了運行的命令，則會覆蓋掉CMD指定的命令。 CMD會在啟動容器的時候執行，build 時不執行，而RUN只是在構建鏡像的時候執行，后續鏡像構建完成之后，啟動容器就與RUN無關了，這個初學者容易弄混這個概念，這里簡單注解一下。 5.EXPOSE <port>[<port>...] 告訴docker服務端容器對外映射的本地端口，需要在docker run的使用使用-p或者-P選項生效 例子：EXPOSE 80 6.ENV ENV <key> <value> ENV <key>=<value>。。。 指定一個環節變量，會被后續RUN指令使用，并在容器運行時保留 例子：ENV myname zxg ENV myhome beijing ENV myname="zxg" myhome=beijing 7.ADD ADD <src>...<dest> ADD復制本地主機文件、目錄或者遠程文件URLS從并且添加到容器指定路徑中 支持通過Go的正則模式匹配，具體規則可參見Go filepath.Match 例子：ADD hom* /mydir/ #adds all files starting with ”hom“ ADD hom？.txt /mydir/ #？is replaced with any single character ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 注意如下： 路徑必須是絕對路徑，如果 不存在，會自動創建對應目錄 路徑必須是 Dockerfile 所在路徑的相對路徑 如果是一個目錄，只會復制目錄下的內容，而目錄本身則不會被復制 8.COPY COPY <src>...<dest> COPY復制新文件或者目錄并且添加到容器指定路徑中，用法和ADD相同，唯一區別時不能指定遠程文件URLS。 9.ENTRYPOINT ENTRYPOINT "executable","param1","param2" ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2(shell form) 配置容器啟動后執行的命令，并且不可被 docker run 提供的參數覆蓋，而CMD是可以被覆蓋的。如果需要覆蓋，則可以使用docker run --entrypoint選項。 每個 Dockerfile 中只能有一個ENTRYPOINT，當指定多個時，只有最后一個生效。 Exec form ENTRYPOINT 例子 通過ENTRYPOINT使用 exec form 方式設置穩定的默認命令和選項，而使用CMD添加默認之外經常被改動的選項。 FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"] CMD ["-c"] 通過 Dockerfile 使用ENTRYPOINT展示前臺運行 Apache 服務 FROM debian:stable RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --force-yes apache2 EXPOSE 80 443 VOLUME ["/var/www", "/var/log/apache2", "/etc/apache2"] ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/apache2ctl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"] Shell form ENTRYPOINT 例子 這種方式會在/bin/sh -c中執行，會忽略任何CMD或者docker run命令行選項，為了確保docker stop能夠停止長時間運行ENTRYPOINT的容器，確保執行的時候使用exec選項。 FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT exec top -b 如果在ENTRYPOINT忘記使用exec選項，則可以使用CMD補上: FROM ubuntu ENTRYPOINT top -b CMD --ignored-param1 # --ignored-param2 ... --ignored-param3 ... 依此類推 10.VOLUME VOLUME ["/data"] 創建一個可以從本地主機或其他容器掛載的掛載點，后續具體介紹 11.USER USER daemon 指定運行容器時的用戶名或UID，后續RUN、CMD、ENTERPOINT也會使用指定用戶 12.WORKDIR WORKDIR /path/to/workdir 為后續的RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT指令配置工作目錄。可以使用多個WORKDIR指令，后續命令如果參數是相對路徑，則會基于之前命令指定的路徑 WORKDIR /a WORKDIR b WORKDIR c RUN pwd 最終路徑是/a/b/c WORKDIR指令可以在ENV設置變量之后調用環境變量： ENV DIRPATH /path WORKDIR $DIRPATH/$DIRNAME 最終路徑則為 /path/$DIRNAME 13.ONBUILD ONBUILD [INSTRUCTION] 配置當所創建的鏡像作為其他新創建鏡像的基礎鏡像時，所執行的操作指令 例如：Dockerfile 使用如下的內容創建了鏡像image-A： [...] ONBUILD ADD . /App/src ONBUILD RUN /usr/local/bin/Python-build --dri /app/src [...]
3.例子examples，做一個centos安裝了nginx及wget的鏡像
[root@web1 docker]# vim Dockerfile #this is docker file for centos-nginx FROM centos MAINTAINER zxg <victor@docker.com> RUN yum install wget -y RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm N yum install nginx -y ▽DD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html RUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf EXPOSE 80 CMD ["nginx"]
4.使用build命令制作鏡像
1）build命令說明
$ docker build --help Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | - Build a new image from the source code at PATH --force-rm=false Always remove intermediate containers, even after unsuccessful builds # 移除過渡容器，即使構建失敗 --no-cache=false Do not use cache when building the image # 不實用 cache -q, --quiet=false Suppress the verbose output generated by the containers --rm=true Remove intermediate containers after a successful build # 構建成功后移除過渡層容器 -t, --tag="" Repository name (and optionally a tag) to be applied to the resulting image in case of success
2）制作鏡像
docker build -t zxg/nginx1 .
整個過程還挺長，所以折疊了，可以點開看一下
[root@web1 docker]# docker build -t zxg/nginx1 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kB Step 1/9 : FROM centos ---> 9f38484d220f Step 2/9 : MAINTAINER zxg <victor@docker.com> ---> Using cache ---> 35983aa687ed Step 3/9 : RUN yum install wget -y ---> Using cache ---> efb8205fc8d2 Step 4/9 : RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm ---> Running in 56c5812e494f warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.pS5KO3: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY Retrieving https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm Preparing... ######################################## Updating / installing... epel-release-7-11 ######################################## ---> cf40357c60bb Removing intermediate container 56c5812e494f Step 5/9 : RUN yum install nginx -y ---> Running in 36ebe7b47657 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com https://hkg.mirror.rackspace.com/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/192b605ef6d0f773ad6162832c60509e1bc0817e28662ea77340078287b3b4d8-updateinfo.xml.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errors If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/. https://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. http://fedora.cs.nctu.edu.tw/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found Trying other mirror. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: openssl for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-geoip = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: make for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: GeoIP for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libGeoIP.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.006001 for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(XSLoader) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(warnings) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.11)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.18)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libexslt.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7 will be updated ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be an update --> Running transaction check ---> Package GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7 will be installed ---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15(PNG15_0)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62(LIBJPEG_6.2)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libfreetype.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libfontconfig.so.1()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libX11.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: fontpackages-filesystem for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: dejavu-sans-fonts for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 ---> Package freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1 will be installed ---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libX11-common >= 1.6.5-2.el7 for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libxcb.so.1()(64bit) for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 ---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 will be installed ---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::Parsewords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: dejavu-fonts-common = 2.33-6.el7 for package: dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch ---> Package fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libXau.so.6()(64bit) for package: libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: groff-base for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: nginx x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 531 k Installing for dependencies: GeoIP x86_64 1.5.0-13.el7 base 1.5 M dejavu-fonts-common noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 64 k dejavu-sans-fonts noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 1.4 M fontconfig x86_64 2.13.0-4.3.el7 base 254 k fontpackages-filesystem noarch 1.44-8.el7 base 9.9 k freetype x86_64 2.8-12.el7_6.1 updates 380 k gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k groff-base x86_64 1.22.2-8.el7 base 942 k libX11 x86_64 1.6.5-2.el7 base 606 k libX11-common noarch 1.6.5-2.el7 base 164 k libXau x86_64 1.0.8-2.1.el7 base 29 k libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k libjpeg-turbo x86_64 1.2.90-6.el7 base 134 k libpng x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 base 213 k libxcb x86_64 1.13-1.el7 base 214 k libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.el7 base 242 k make x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 base 420 k nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 16 k nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 17 k nginx-mod-http-geoip x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 23 k nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 27 k nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 36 k nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 26 k nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 54 k nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 76 k openssl x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 493 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 base 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 base 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 base 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 base 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 base 56 k perl-Filter x86_64 1.49-3.el7 base 76 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 2.40-3.el7 base 56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.033-3.el7 base 38 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.40-5.el7 base 82 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 updates 51 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.20-4.el7 base 87 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 base 216 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 1.63-3.el7 base 27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 1.27-248.el7 base 36 k perl-Socket x86_64 2.010-4.el7 base 49 k perl-Storable x86_64 2.45-3.el7 base 77 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.29-4.el7 base 14 k perl-Time-HiRes x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 base 45 k perl-Time-Local noarch 1.2300-2.el7 base 24 k perl-constant noarch 1.27-2.el7 base 19 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 688 k perl-macros x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 44 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 base 12 k perl-podlators noarch 2.5.1-3.el7 base 112 k perl-threads x86_64 1.87-4.el7 base 49 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.43-6.el7 base 39 k Updating for dependencies: openssl-libs x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 1.2 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+54 Dependent packages) Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package) Total download size: 21 M Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY Public key for nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 868 kB/s | 21 MB 00:24 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5: Userid : "Fedora EPEL (7) <epel@fedoraproject.org>" Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5 Package : epel-release-7-11.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Updating : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/57 Installing : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 2/57 Installing : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 3/57 Installing : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 4/57 Installing : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 5/57 Installing : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 6/57 Installing : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 7/57 Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 8/57 Installing : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 9/57 Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 10/57 Installing : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 11/57 Installing : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 12/57 Installing : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 13/57 Installing : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 14/57 Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 15/57 Installing : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 16/57 Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 17/57 Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 18/57 Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 19/57 Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 20/57 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 21/57 Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 22/57 Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 23/57 Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 24/57 Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 25/57 Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 26/57 Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 27/57 Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 28/57 Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 29/57 Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 30/57 Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 31/57 Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 32/57 Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 33/57 Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 34/57 Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 35/57 Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 36/57 Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 37/57 Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 38/57 Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 39/57 Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 40/57 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 41/57 Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 42/57 Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 43/57 Installing : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 44/57 Installing : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 45/57 Installing : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 46/57 Installing : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 47/57 Installing : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 48/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 49/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 50/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 51/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 52/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 53/57 Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 54/57 Installing : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57 Installing : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 56/57 Cleanup : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 1/57 Verifying : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 2/57 Verifying : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 3/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 4/57 Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 5/57 Verifying : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 6/57 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 7/57 Verifying : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 8/57 Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 9/57 Verifying : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 10/57 Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 11/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 12/57 Verifying : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 13/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 14/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 15/57 Verifying : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 16/57 Verifying : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 17/57 Verifying : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 18/57 Verifying : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 19/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 20/57 Verifying : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 21/57 Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 22/57 Verifying : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 23/57 Verifying : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 24/57 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 25/57 Verifying : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 26/57 Verifying : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 27/57 Verifying : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 28/57 Verifying : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 29/57 Verifying : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 30/57 Verifying : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 31/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 32/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 33/57 Verifying : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 34/57 Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 35/57 Verifying : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 36/57 Verifying : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 37/57 Verifying : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 38/57 Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 39/57 Verifying : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 40/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 41/57 Verifying : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 42/57 Verifying : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 43/57 Verifying : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 44/57 Verifying : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 45/57 Verifying : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 46/57 Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 47/57 Verifying : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 48/57 Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 49/57 Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 50/57 Verifying : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 51/57 Verifying : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 52/57 Verifying : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 53/57 Verifying : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 54/57 Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 56/57 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57 Installed: nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 Dependency Installed: GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7 dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1 gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7 libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7 libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7 libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 Dependency Updated: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 Complete! ---> 996824f87698 Removing intermediate container 36ebe7b47657 Step 6/9 : ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html ---> a21387c003a7 Removing intermediate container 74dfd64941b1 Step 7/9 : RUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Running in bd60f92d877e ---> 3b20cd6163a8 Removing intermediate container bd60f92d877e Step 8/9 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in 54e388a3fd21 ---> 2aeecbaba79b Removing intermediate container 54e388a3fd21 Step 9/9 : CMD nginx ---> Running in 32d4b23b050c ---> 3babdf3c6c6d Removing intermediate container 32d4b23b050c Successfully built 3babdf3c6c6d
5.驗證一下,并用curl測試
[root@web1 docker]# docker run -d --name my_nginx1 zxg/nginx1 #后臺運行整個容器
751a8f9dda48c034d40b8855b3dd6c7aaf785eeaa9ae404c5eb3c0271e434f50
[root@web1 docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
751a8f9dda48 zxg/nginx1 "nginx" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp my_nginx1
[root@web1 docker]# docker exec -it my_nginx1 bash #進入容器
[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html #查看文件是否添加到容器
this is docker-centos7-nginx1
[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
# server {
# listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;
# listen [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
# server_name _;
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
# ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
# ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 10m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
# # Load configuration files for the default server block.
# include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
# location / {
# }
#
# error_page 404 /404.html;
# location = /40x.html {
# }
#
# error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
# location = /50x.html {
# }
# }
}
daemon off;
[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# exit
exit
[root@web1 docker]#
[root@751a8f9dda48 html]# curl 127.0.0.1 this is docker-centos7-nginx1 [root@751a8f9dda48 html]#
[root@web1 ~]# docker inspect my_nginx1 |grep IPAddress "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", [root@web1 ~]# curl 172.17.0.2 this is docker-centos7-nginx1 [root@web1 ~]#
