其實(shí)object也可以翻譯為物件，我想這個(gè)詞對(duì)于初學(xué)者肯定比對(duì)象更友好。以前的pop思想其實(shí)就是過程導(dǎo)向，就是我想實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)什么樣的計(jì)算結(jié)果，然后用變量和函數(shù)將這個(gè)結(jié)果實(shí)現(xiàn)，但是這樣很抽象化，初學(xué)者較難理解。但是面向?qū)ο蟮脑拰⒊橄蟮母拍疃冀o你具像化了，是以物件為主導(dǎo)。接下來我用一段對(duì)比代碼展示可能更容易理解。

比如，我要計(jì)算兩個(gè)人繞著操場(chǎng)跑一圈的時(shí)間。

左邊是面向過程的，右邊是面向?qū)ο蟮?。其?shí)面向?qū)ο螅憧梢詫⑺?運(yùn)算符理解為我們漢語的‘的’，這樣更容易讓程序員理解

封裝

然后就講到面向?qū)ο蟮姆庋b，如上右圖。面向?qū)ο罂梢詫⑺俣?、距離等全部封裝在一個(gè)抽象的類中，然后再通過new操作來具像化對(duì)象，而面向過程只能通過函數(shù)和變量來存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和運(yùn)算。這樣當(dāng)一個(gè)工程夠大的時(shí)候，面向?qū)ο蟮某绦蚋菀拙S護(hù)，且重用性也更好

繼承和多態(tài)

繼承和多態(tài)的話是面向?qū)ο笞钪饕奶卣?。其?shí)也很好理解。還是拿上面那個(gè)例子，現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)小孩，他除了run這個(gè)動(dòng)作外還需要加一個(gè)喝奶（drinkMilk）動(dòng)作，那么小孩子也屬于人這一類，我是不是可以不用再去重復(fù)的寫關(guān)于Run這個(gè)動(dòng)作的相關(guān)代碼呢？由此，繼承的概念就出來了。

namespace test0923
{
class People
{
public double speed { get; set; }
public double distance { get; set; }
public double time { get; set; }
public People()
{ }
public People(double distance ,double speed)
{
this.distance = distance;
this.speed = speed;
}
public double Run()
{
return this.distance / this.speed;
}
}
class Children:People
{
public void drinkMilk()
{
Console.WriteLine("milk is very delicious");
}
}
class Progaram
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
People xiaoMing = new People(100,10);
xiaoMing.time = xiaoMing.Run();
People xiaoHua = new People(120, 12);
xiaoHua.time = xiaoHua.Run();
Children baby = new Children();
baby.distance = 100;
baby.speed = 2;
baby.Run();
baby.drinkMilk();
}
}
}

那么另外一個(gè)問題又來了，小孩Run可能速度計(jì)算不能跟大人一樣，可能需要自己的計(jì)算方法，那么怎么辦呢？這時(shí)候，多態(tài)的概念又出來了。我們只需要給父類的即People的Run方法加上virtual，再在子類中加override就可以了

namespace test0923
{
class People
{
public double speed { get; set; }
public double distance { get; set; }
public double time { get; set; }
public People()
{ }
public People(double distance ,double speed)
{
this.distance = distance;
this.speed = speed;
}
public virtual double Run()
{
return this.distance / this.speed;
}
}
class Children:People
{
public override double Run()
{
return this.distance/this.speed + 10;
}
public void drinkMilk()
{
Console.WriteLine("milk is very delicious");
}
}
class Progaram
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
People xiaoMing = new People(100,10);
xiaoMing.time = xiaoMing.Run();
People xiaoHua = new People(120, 12);
xiaoHua.time = xiaoHua.Run();
Children baby = new Children();
baby.distance = 100;
baby.speed = 2;
baby.Run();
Console.WriteLine(baby.Run());
baby.drinkMilk();
Console.Read();
}
}
}

怎么樣，現(xiàn)在對(duì)面向?qū)ο笥幸粋€(gè)大概的了解了吧。相比面向過程，面向?qū)ο蟮乃枷朐诰帉懘笮晚?xiàng)目時(shí)代碼更容易維護(hù)、更易懂、代碼重用率更高。但相對(duì)的犧牲的就是運(yùn)行的效率了。