在編程開發的過程中,存在一些常見的編程問題,存在一些優雅的解法。
以下匯總以下幾種常遇見的場景:
- 日志打印
- 打印變量名
- 獲取數組大小
- 獲取結構體成員偏移
- 依賴已有變量定義新變量
- 獲取較小值
- 計算函數參數個數
- .....(不定時新增)
// 文件名 tricks.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
// 日志打印
#define LOG(level, format, ...) printf("[%s] <%s> (%s:%d) " format "n", #level, __FUNCTION__, __FILE__, __LINE__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGD(...) LOG(DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGI(...) LOG(INFO, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGW(...) LOG(WARNING, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGE(...) LOG(ERROR, __VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGF(...) LOG(FATAL, __VA_ARGS__); abort()
// 打印變量名
#define PRINT_HEX(var) printf("%s: 0x%08xn", #var, var);
// 獲取數組大小
#define ARRAR_SIZE(arr) (sizeof(arr) / sizeof(*arr))
// 獲取結構體成員偏移
#define offsetof(type, member) ((size_t)(&((type *)0)->member))
// 依賴已有變量定義新變量
#define var(left, right) __typeof__(right) left = (right)
// 獲取較小值
#define MIN(A,B) ({ __typeof__(A) __a = (A); __typeof__(B) __b = (B); __a < __b ? __a : __b; })
// 該方式計算函數參數個數,可能會有 -Wint-conversion 告警
#define ARG_SIZE(...) (sizeof((int[]){0, ##__VA_ARGS__}) / sizeof(int) - 1)
// 該方式計算函數參數個數,會有一個最大數限制,以下的版本是最多 64 個參數
#define ARG_N(...) ARG_N_(0, ##__VA_ARGS__, ARG_N_RESQ)
#define ARG_N_(...) ARG_N_M(__VA_ARGS__)
#define ARG_N_M(_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10,
_11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, _20,
_21, _22, _23, _24, _25, _26, _27, _28, _29, _30,
_31, _32, _33, _34, _35, _36, _37, _38, _39, _40,
_41, _42, _43, _44, _45, _46, _47, _48, _49, _50,
_51, _52, _53, _54, _55, _56, _57, _58, _59, _60,
_61, _62, _63, N, ...) N
#define ARG_N_RESQ 63, 62, 61, 60,
59, 58, 57, 56, 55, 54, 53, 52, 51, 50,
49, 48, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, 40,
39, 38, 37, 36, 35, 34, 33, 32, 31, 30,
29, 28, 27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20,
19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10,
9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0
int mAIn(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
LOGD("Test log var: %d", 1234);
int flag = 0xaabbccdd;
PRINT_HEX(flag);
int array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
LOGI("ARRAR_SIZE(array): %lu", ARRAR_SIZE(array));
typedef struct
{
int a;
} A;
A a = {15};
var(b, a);
PRINT_HEX(b.a);
var(s, 1);
PRINT_HEX(s);
double xx = 1.0;
double yy = MIN(xx++, 1.5);
printf("xx=%f, yy=%fn", xx, yy);
typedef struct S
{
char a;
int b;
double c;
} S;
LOGI("offsetof(S, c): %ld", offsetof(S, c));
LOGI("ARG_SIZE(...): %ld", ARG_SIZE(1, 2, 3, 4));
LOGI("ARG_N(...): %d", ARG_N(1, 2, 3, 4));
return 0;
}
編譯及運行指令:
gcc tricks.c -o tricks -g && ./tricks